In 2006, five municipalities held 25% of the wealth in Brazil
- Brazil
- 12/17/2008
The contributions of São Paulo (11,.9%), Rio de Janeiro (5.4%), Brasília (3.8%), Belo Horizonte (1.4%) and Curitiba (1.4%), together, accounted for about one fourth of the Brazilian GDP.
The data for GDP of the municipalities, a project developed by IBGE in partnership with State Statistical Institutes, show that, among the municipalities which account for at least 0.5% of the national GDP, the main increases occurred in Campos dos Goytacazes (RJ) (0.2%); Betim (MG) (0.1%); Barueri (SP) (0.1%); Manaus (AM) (0.1%); and Guarulhos (SP) (0.1%). Among the capitals, Florianópolis (SC) was the only one which did not have the highest GDP figure in its respective state.
Araporã (MG), a municipality with about 6 thousand inhabitants, where there is a major hydroelectric plant, has the highest GDP per capita in the country (R$ 261 thousand); Guaribas (PI) has the lowest one (R$ 1,368.35). In over 30% of the Brazilian municipalities, at least one third of the wealth came from Public Administration. The five years of the GDP of the Municipalities series were also analyzed according to the 12 Areas of Influence of Cities.
In 2006, the income generated by five municipalities only – São Paulo (SP), 11.9%, Rio de Janeiro (RJ), 5.4%, Brasília (DF), 3.8%, Belo Horizonte (MG) and Curitiba (PR), 1.4% accounted for about one fourth of all the income generation in the country. The aggregated income of the 50 municipalities with the highest GDP (in which dwelt 30.1% of the population) reached half of the GDP in the country, whereas the 1,359 municipalities with the lowest GDP accounted for 1% of the GDP in the country and concentrated 3.4% of the population.
The five municipalities with the lowest GDP in 2006 were: São Félix do Tocantins (TO), Quixabá (PB), Olho D‘Água do Piauí (PI), São Miguel da Baixa Grande (PI) and Santo Antônio dos Milagres (PI), in decreasing order. Together, these municipalities accounted for about 0.001% of the Gross Domestic Product of the country.
In 2006, the 10% of municipalities with the highest GDP generated 24.4 times more wealth than the 50% of the municipalities with the lowest GDP. The Southeast had the highest indicators throughout the series. In this Region, except for the municipalities of São Paulo and Rio de Janeiro, concentration remained the highest (25.0) among all the Regions. On the other hand, the Northeast, North and South Regions had the lowest dispersion coefficients: 12.4; 13.0 and 13.1, respectively. In the Central West Region, there was evident concentration due to the participation of Brasília (Federal District).
GDP concentration is also high in North and Northeast Regions
In most states of the North and Northeast Regions, the five biggest municipalities concentrated much more than 50% of the state GDP. The exceptions – which have similar figures – were Tocantins and Bahia, with 47.3% and 48%, respectively. The Southeast did not have a specific pattern, but the five biggest municipalities of Espírito Santo and Rio de Janeiro concentrated over 65% of the GDP of their respective states. In the South and Central West, the level of concentration was much lower, with Mato Grosso do Sul (55.3%) as the only exception.
Amapá had the highest concentration in the country: in 2006, its five biggest municipalities accounted for 88.35 of the GDP in the state. Amazonas (87.7%) was in the second position. On the other extreme were Minas Gerais, Santa Catarina and Rio Grande do Sul (36.6%, 35.3% and 36.2%, respectively).
